The Epidemiology of Stomach Cancer
2022 Sep 30
Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to examine stomach cancer incidence and mortality rates worldwide, focusing on numbers in Brazil. Data on new cases and deaths due to stomach cancer for 2020 and projections for 2040 were evaluated. A total of 1,089,103 new stomach cancer cases were estimated globally for 2020, with the highest incidence rates noted for Mongolia, Japan, and the Republic of Korea. Concerning mortality, a total of 768,793 deaths were reported for the same year, with the highest rates observed in Mongolia, Tajikistan, and China. In Brazil, a total of 13,360 new stomach cancer cases among men and 7,870 among women were estimated for 2020, with 13,850 deaths reported for both sexes. Although both incidence and mortality rates currently exhibit a downward trend in most countries, including Brazil, the number of new cases and deaths each year is not negligible, indicating the need for continued actions to reduce exposure to stomach cancer risk factors and the expansion of early diagnoses with timely treatment. The stomach is not only a major digestive organ, but also a sophisticated endocrine organ and an essential microbial defense organ. Stomach diseases, such as peptic ulcer diseases, stomach cancer, and functional dyspepsia, are important health burden worldwide. However, the public awareness about the stomach health and diseases are relatively low. To promote the awareness of medical professionals and also the general population on stomach health and diseases, the healthy stomach initiatives (HSI) was established in 2012. The HSI is very active in promoting international collaboration studies and public awareness events focused on stomach health and diseases. The HSI chose October 2 as the "World Stomach Day" to promote public awareness, to invite physician involvement, to increase scientific research, to apply government support, and to get industrial sponsorship. The first World Stomach Day was celebrated in Taipei in 2018 with very successful public educational activities. To promote the study of stomach diseases and the public awareness of stomach health is an important work. The HSI and the World Stomach Day will play essential roles in this work.
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