Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
A brief, generalized seizure induced electrically under general anesthesia, delivered as a course of treatments. One of the most effective interventions for severe or treatment-resistant depression and catatonia.
Benefits
Rapid, highly effective for severe/treatment-resistant depression, catatonia, and acute suicidality; can be life-saving when medications fail.
Risks
Retrograde and anterograde memory disruption (usually transient), confusion, headache, and the risks of general anesthesia; social stigma.
Informational only — not medical advice.
Research (8)
- Electroconvulsive Therapy Espinoza et al. (2022) PubMed ↗
- Use of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Autism Park et al. (2021) PubMed ↗
- Electroconvulsive Therapy in Geriatric Psychiatry: A Selective Review Kellner et al. (2020) PubMed ↗
- Electroconvulsive Therapy in Geriatric Psychiatry: A Selective Review Kellner et al. (2018) PubMed ↗
- Electroconvulsive therapy Keltner et al. (2009) PubMed ↗
- Electroconvulsive therapy Carney et al. (2003) PubMed ↗
- Electroconvulsive therapy Enns et al. (1992) PubMed ↗
- Electroconvulsive therapy Gordon (1989) PubMed ↗
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