Caffeine

substance · Score (benefits ÷ risk): Unrated (0 ratings) — needs ≥ 3 ratings

Caffeine is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive stimulant. It occurs naturally in coffee and tea (as well as cacao and guarana) and is added to many soft drinks and energy drinks. Caffeine promotes alertness and wakefulness chiefly by blocking adenosine receptors, which indirectly increases dopamine and norepinephrine signaling.

Too little may be associated with

Grogginess for habitual users; no true requirement.

Too much may be associated with

Anxiety, insomnia, palpitations, dependence.

Informational only — not medical advice.

Neurotransmitters

Related stimuli

Research (10)

Evidence-based cesarean delivery: postoperative care (part 10) Mackeen et al. (2025)
YAP/TAZ Signaling in the Pathobiology of Pulmonary Fibrosis Papavassiliou et al. (2024)
Current coffee consumption is associated with decreased striatal dopamine transporter availability in Parkinson's disease patients and healthy controls Wang et al. (2023)
How to Optimize the Effectiveness and Safety of Parkinson's Disease Therapy? - A Systematic Review of Drugs Interactions with Food and Dietary Supplements Agnieszka et al. (2022)
The Cognitive-Enhancing Outcomes of Caffeine and L-theanine: A Systematic Review Anas et al. (2021)
Angiotensin II for the Treatment of Vasodilatory Shock Khanna et al. (2017)
36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine : Brussels, Belgium. 15-18 March 2016 Liu et al. (2016)
The mitochondrial deubiquitinase USP30 opposes parkin-mediated mitophagy Bingol et al. (2014)
Are we dependent upon coffee and caffeine? A review on human and animal data Nehlig (1999)
[Coffee and health] Czok (1977)

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